生鲜配送系统是一个复杂的电子商务解决方案,需要处理订单管理、库存控制、物流跟踪、支付集成等多个方面。以下是一个简化的生鲜配送系统核心功能的代码框架示例:
1. 系统架构概述
```python
系统架构模块划分
class FreshDeliverySystem:
def __init__(self):
self.user_management = UserManagement()
self.product_management = ProductManagement()
self.order_management = OrderManagement()
self.delivery_management = DeliveryManagement()
self.payment_system = PaymentSystem()
self.notification_system = NotificationSystem()
```
2. 核心模块实现
用户管理模块
```python
class UserManagement:
def __init__(self):
self.users = {} 用户ID: 用户信息
def register_user(self, user_info):
"""用户注册"""
user_id = generate_user_id()
self.users[user_id] = user_info
return user_id
def authenticate(self, username, password):
"""用户认证"""
实现认证逻辑
pass
def get_user_profile(self, user_id):
"""获取用户信息"""
return self.users.get(user_id)
```
商品管理模块
```python
class ProductManagement:
def __init__(self):
self.products = {} 商品ID: 商品信息
self.inventory = {} 商品ID: 库存数量
def add_product(self, product_info):
"""添加商品"""
product_id = generate_product_id()
self.products[product_id] = product_info
self.inventory[product_id] = product_info[initial_stock]
return product_id
def update_inventory(self, product_id, quantity_change):
"""更新库存"""
if product_id in self.inventory:
self.inventory[product_id] += quantity_change
return True
return False
def get_available_products(self):
"""获取可用商品列表"""
return [p for p in self.products.values() if self.inventory.get(p[id], 0) > 0]
```
订单管理模块
```python
class OrderManagement:
def __init__(self, product_mgmt, delivery_mgmt):
self.orders = {} 订单ID: 订单信息
self.product_mgmt = product_mgmt
self.delivery_mgmt = delivery_mgmt
def create_order(self, user_id, items):
"""创建订单"""
检查库存
for item in items:
if self.product_mgmt.inventory.get(item[product_id], 0) < item[quantity]:
raise Exception("库存不足")
扣减库存
for item in items:
self.product_mgmt.update_inventory(item[product_id], -item[quantity])
创建订单
order_id = generate_order_id()
order_info = {
id: order_id,
user_id: user_id,
items: items,
status: pending,
created_at: datetime.now()
}
self.orders[order_id] = order_info
安排配送
self.delivery_mgmt.schedule_delivery(order_id)
return order_id
def update_order_status(self, order_id, new_status):
"""更新订单状态"""
if order_id in self.orders:
self.orders[order_id][status] = new_status
return True
return False
```
配送管理模块
```python
class DeliveryManagement:
def __init__(self):
self.deliveries = {} 订单ID: 配送信息
def schedule_delivery(self, order_id):
"""安排配送"""
这里可以集成地图API计算路线和时间
delivery_info = {
order_id: order_id,
status: scheduled,
estimated_time: datetime.now() + timedelta(hours=2),
driver_id: None 可以分配司机
}
self.deliveries[order_id] = delivery_info
return delivery_info
def track_delivery(self, order_id):
"""跟踪配送状态"""
return self.deliveries.get(order_id)
```
支付系统集成
```python
class PaymentSystem:
def process_payment(self, order_id, payment_method, amount):
"""处理支付"""
这里可以集成支付宝、微信支付等第三方支付
模拟支付处理
if payment_method == alipay:
调用支付宝API
pass
elif payment_method == wechat:
调用微信支付API
pass
返回支付结果
return {status: success, transaction_id: generate_transaction_id()}
```
通知系统
```python
class NotificationSystem:
def send_notification(self, user_id, message_type, message_content):
"""发送通知"""
获取用户联系方式
user = user_management.get_user_profile(user_id)
根据消息类型发送不同通知
if message_type == order_confirmed:
发送订单确认通知
pass
elif message_type == delivery_updated:
发送配送更新通知
pass
elif message_type == promotion:
发送促销通知
pass
```
3. 数据库模型示例 (SQL)
```sql
-- 用户表
CREATE TABLE users (
id VARCHAR(36) PRIMARY KEY,
username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
phone VARCHAR(20),
address TEXT,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- 商品表
CREATE TABLE products (
id VARCHAR(36) PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
description TEXT,
category VARCHAR(50),
price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
unit VARCHAR(20),
image_url VARCHAR(255),
is_active BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE
);
-- 库存表
CREATE TABLE inventory (
product_id VARCHAR(36) REFERENCES products(id),
quantity INTEGER NOT NULL,
last_updated TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (product_id)
);
-- 订单表
CREATE TABLE orders (
id VARCHAR(36) PRIMARY KEY,
user_id VARCHAR(36) REFERENCES users(id),
total_amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
delivery_address TEXT NOT NULL,
created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);
-- 订单项表
CREATE TABLE order_items (
id VARCHAR(36) PRIMARY KEY,
order_id VARCHAR(36) REFERENCES orders(id),
product_id VARCHAR(36) REFERENCES products(id),
quantity INTEGER NOT NULL,
unit_price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,
subtotal DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL
);
-- 配送表
CREATE TABLE deliveries (
id VARCHAR(36) PRIMARY KEY,
order_id VARCHAR(36) REFERENCES orders(id) UNIQUE,
status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
estimated_time TIMESTAMP,
actual_time TIMESTAMP,
driver_id VARCHAR(36),
current_location VARCHAR(255)
);
```
4. 前端界面示例 (React组件)
```jsx
// 商品列表组件
function ProductList() {
const [products, setProducts] = useState([]);
useEffect(() => {
// 从API获取商品列表
fetch(/api/products)
.then(res => res.json())
.then(data => setProducts(data));
}, []);
return (
{products.map(product => (
))}
);
}
// 购物车组件
function ShoppingCart() {
const [cartItems, setCartItems] = useState([]);
const addToCart = (productId, quantity) => {
// 添加到购物车逻辑
};
return (
购物车
{cartItems.map(item => (
))}
总计: ¥{calculateTotal(cartItems)}
);
}
// 订单跟踪组件
function OrderTracking({orderId}) {
const [orderStatus, setOrderStatus] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
const interval = setInterval(() => {
fetch(`/api/orders/${orderId}/status`)
.then(res => res.json())
.then(data => setOrderStatus(data));
}, 5000);
return () => clearInterval(interval);
}, [orderId]);
return (
订单跟踪
订单状态: {orderStatus?.status || 加载中...}
{orderStatus?.estimatedTime && (
预计送达时间: {formatTime(orderStatus.estimatedTime)}
)}
{orderStatus?.currentLocation && (
当前位置: {orderStatus.currentLocation}
)}
);
}
```
5. 完整系统集成要点
1. API设计:使用RESTful或GraphQL设计清晰的API接口
2. 实时更新:通过WebSocket或轮询实现订单状态和配送位置的实时更新
3. 地图集成:集成高德/百度/Google地图API实现路线规划和位置跟踪
4. 支付集成:集成支付宝、微信支付等第三方支付平台
5. 短信/邮件通知:集成短信服务和邮件服务发送订单状态通知
6. 冷链物流监控:对于需要冷藏的商品,集成温度监控系统
7. 数据分析:收集用户行为和销售数据用于业务分析
注意事项
1. 实际开发中需要考虑安全性(SQL注入防护、XSS防护等)
2. 需要实现完善的错误处理和日志记录
3. 对于生鲜产品,需要特别注意保质期管理和库存周转
4. 配送路线优化算法可以提高配送效率
5. 需要考虑高峰期的系统性能优化
以上代码仅为框架示例,实际开发中需要根据具体业务需求进行扩展和完善。